Wednesday, January 22, 2014

Neutralization of Chlorine in water using 2 step filtration found in nature



Can taking a shower really be dangerous ? It may come as a shock, but the very method most people use to keep their bodies clean could be exposing them to unforeseen health risks.

While many people are aware of the dangers of drinking unfiltered water, few consider the risks of showering in unfiltered water. Most people don’t realize that one can absorb up to 8 glasses of water through the skin during a quick 10-minute shower. Absorption rate is even higher if bathed in hot water as chlorine transmutes into chloroform. One can apply a source of fresh vitamin C in the form of fruits after bathing in chlorine water but that only neutralizes chlorine deposits on the outer skin while maximum damage is done to internal organs. Therefore, the best solution is to bathe in vitamin C itself.  

Soaking up water in this way is especially dangerous because the chlorine goes directly into your bloodstream. This means you absorb 6 times more chlorine per glass while showering than if you were drinking the same water.

Dangers and risks of chlorine exposure - 

Irritation of the eyes, sinuses, throat, and skin
Aggravation of the lungs
Excessive free radical formation, which results in accelerated aging
Hardened arteries
Difficulty metabolizing cholesterol
Higher vulnerability to genetic mutation
Development of cancer

In a recent article in The American Journal of Public Health, chlorine was linked to measurable increases in certain types of cancer. The article also reported that up to 2/3 of our harmful exposure to chlorine is through absorption by the skin during showering.

Even if you can’t detect the presence of chlorine in your water via smell or taste, that doesn’t mean you’re safe from the consequence of exposure. Chlorine exposure can be especially harmful for individuals with pre-existing conditions such as sinus conditions, allergies, skin rashes, emphysema and asthma.

Anyone who showers regularly should be concerned about the dangers of chlorine exposure, but especially those who suffer from dry and irritated skin; damaged and brittle hair; flaky or itchy scalp; or redness and burning of the eyes.

Experts used to believe that ingestion was the primary method of chlorine intake, but new studies show that inhalation and skin exposure intake are even higher. One of the most prevalent forms of chlorine taken in through inhalation is chloroform. Remember, chloroform is a carcinogen.

When we inhale chloroform, it goes directly into our bloodstreams without any kind of preliminary detoxification. So unless you are regularly taking minute-long showers in cold water, “your body is like a sponge for these airborne toxins every second you spend in the shower,”.

Obviously, avoiding showers altogether is not an option. There’s a far better (and simpler) solution — and that is … to get the chlorine out of your water. The best way to eliminate chlorine and its hazardous derivatives from your water supply is to install a shower filter.

Studies conducted have shown that in order to get rid of chlorine or chloramine in the shower water, you would require two " specific "  ingredients - activated carbon aka charcoal or vitamin C. These two can work independently or combined. 

One has to invest in a new shower head composed of vitamin c or activated carbon. It has to be stated that, these items dont come cheap [ $150 + ] and have to be replaced frequently depending on daily bathing routine. Long term projections can put a sizable toll on your wallet. Nature of vitamin C is such that its water soluble while carbon in the form of " activated carbon " can be scrubbed clean  and reused when filtration is somewhat diminished with prolonged usage. Activated carbon can be bought anywhere or make it yourself by burning wood or coconut shells. For those who bathe in bath tubs, vitamin C solution is far simpler, just dissolve one 1000mg vitamin C tablet in the bathtub " before " bathing. 



Therefore we are left with a problem as far as a viable source of vitamin C is concerned, since it rapidly dissolves in water. One has to keep dismantling the shower head and fill it up with x number of vitamin C tablets thats just enough to complete one shower. This cycle repeats itself based on how long and how frequent one showers in a day. This scenario assumes one bathes in " cold water " as vitamin C tablets rapidly dissolves in hot water. 

Or 

Find an alternative source of vitamin C which dissolves very slowly and is easy on your wallet. After pondering as to how to get ones hands on " bio friendly & economical " source. Rather interesting idea popped into mind. Source is no other than fresh Oranges. One generally discards the skin of fresh orange after consumption, but this " skin " is of membrane thin enough for water to pass through or soak in. After all, you are left with alot of skin off one Orange. You only need a tiny piece big enough to fit inside the shower head. 

Though, a slight modification need be done before actually using this method, where you would need a secondary filter being cut to the exact or if not slightly larger to that of the " original " mesh filter found in most modern flexible shower heads such as Hans Grohe using plastic mosquito mesh. You would need to remove the oem filter which comes with the showerhead and insert a piece of orange peel to the bottom end of the hose and then the mosquito mesh and then finally screw on the shower head itself. That final step seals the orange skin to the mesh and mesh to the shower head. Why in that order ? if one puts the orange skin " after " the mosquito mesh, when water is turned on, the orange skin will travel inside the shower head and get stuck which leads to slow process of removing the lodged bits n pieces. Since the showerhead will be dismantled on a daily basis, one would want to minimize the downtime as much as possible. 

skin of  Orange/ mosquito mesh - bottom half of the shower hose
 
You need not use only Oranges, rather, any fresh source of Vitamin C skin would do the trick, maximum benefit is achieved with membranes which are permeable to water. 

For best results, Orange skin need changing every day. You can boost the filtration some more by adding a piece of " activated carbon " to it. With carbon filter - Proper installation order would be - activated carbon / orange skin/ mosquito mesh/ screw on showerhead to the hose. 

Activated Carbon in the form of burnt coconut shells

If you dont like the idea of continually dismantling the showerhead on a daily basis, one can install an " activated carbon " piece and forget bout maintenance for a month. At end of the month, just do a  routine check the quality of the piece of activated carbon and replace with a new one if needed. 

Hans Grohe OEM dirt filter with mosquito mesh

This is for the uber lazy people, take the OEM dirt filter off the showerhead and cut out a circular piece to exact size of said filter using mosquito mesh as seen above. Then, take a piece of  " activated carbon " & break it using fingers so it completely embeds the inner circle marked in red. Re-install OEM filter on hose / put carbon piece on the inner red circle / put the mosquito mesh/ screw on the shower head to it. Just make sure its a tight seal otherwise there will be some water leaks from the sides. For an added advantage [ if needed ] break up a 1000mg vitamin C tablet and insert it to the shower head itself then screw on the hose. For those who are concerned about shower head getting blocked with bits n pieces of vitamin c, fear not, since its completely water soluble there will be no blockages what so ever but, it does dissolve rapidly under a minute on the basis of 1 tablet. Use of mosquito mesh is to prevent debris from going into the shower head assembly.  


Friday, January 3, 2014

Huawei E3131 vs E173 Dongle





Specs - 

3G/4G UMTS / HSPA + Frequency:  2100MHz/900MHz
2G Frequency: GSM / GPRS / EDGE 850/900/1800/1900 MHz
Data DL Speed: Max 21 Mbps
Upload Speed: Up to 5.76 Mbps
MicroSD memory card slot up to 32GB
Support Text messages,Broadcast reception and Group SMS
Antenna: Built in and support external antennas
Number of entries in the phonebook: up to 100
Supported Systems Windows XP,Vista Win7 or above
Weight: about 30g

Performance statistics - Huawei E173 [ 7.2 MBps max ] vs Huawei E3131 [ 21 MBps max ]
[ Both devices running latest firmware ] 


3.76 MBps of 7.2 MBps max
[ E173 ]

16.3 MBps [ E3131 ] 
10.7 MBps [ E3131 ]



 


















19.73 MBps [ E3131 ]

  • Conclusion - 21 MBps dongle really does deliver 19.73 MBps in best cellular network operational conditions. 

Thursday, January 2, 2014

How to fix poor WIFI reception

Yup, we have all been there, one buys expensive Mimo ( Multiple In/ Multiple Out ) WIFI routers with 2 or more antennas after having done extensive online research on what to buy. But, vendors dont really tell you how to set up a proper WIFI setup that is optimized for maximum bandwidth & coverage. So, before you start cursing the seller, fear not, WIFI reception problems can be fixed as explained below. 




Take above example, where one has multiple wifi access devices sharing a wifi router. Due to some unavoidable circumstances such as number of walls, dead spots where you get zero reception, interference of cordless phones, microwaves  between wifi router and client devices etc, you end with very poor reception. But, this can be fixed by relocating the wifi router to a different part of the premises if its possible, or, take existing wifi equipment and boosting the reception, using items found at home, without buying additional wifi routers/ repeaters depending on how large the house is.

How a WIFI router works is - transmit the signals in all directions, therefore they are called  " omni directional ". Now, if you want wifi coverage only inside the premises, there would be no point allowing wifi signals to broadcast outside said premises. So, how does one make an omni directional to a directional antenna without spending more money on specific antennas. You build it yourself taking existing omni directional antenna and make it directional. 






Following household items are required to boost wifi  reception -

1) WIFI N spec Router with 2 or more antennas 
2) Cardboard 
3) Scissors
4) Duct tape
5) Waste bin
6) Big Juice Strainer 
7) Aluminium Foil
8) Wifi Analyser android app or similar app


Following experiment uses two WIFI N spec routers, router 1 - 2 omni directional antennas and, router 2 - an antenna-less " travel " WIFI N spec router.  

  • Take a piece of thick cardboard [ otherwise it wont be able to stand vertically for long ] and cut it to this shape as seen here, have to specify, height of the cardboard has to be larger than the wifi antenna on the router, otherwise, part of the wifi goes out of the house and some re focus into the house. 



cardboard for directional wifi reception
  • Duct tape above cardboard and then fold on the two sides as seen here thus making a directional antenna. Why duct tape it, then, this flimsy cardboard becomes durable, water resistant and looks rather cool for example. You can if you like, pass through some fishing tackle wire from left  to right lids, so it holds that bent shape indefinitely. I simply kept a old laptop hard disk behind this booster stand so it doesnt fall down backwards. 
partially completed wifi reception booster


  • Lastly, take aluminium foil and wrap completely the cardboard directional antenna stand, making sure, if possible, depending on type of foil used, where one side is dull & other shiny, to put the shiny side facing inwards so it reflects wifi signals back towards the front of the router as seen below. 




  • Does the aluminium foil have to be crumpled as seen in this picture, well, nope. I salvaged this foil used to make my dinner. 
  • The big heatsink as seen here, on top of the router is an optional add-on, where it is used for cooling the router, does it need a fan ? or do you even need a heatsink ?  that is entirely upto the end user. 


Without wifi booster - 



With wifi booster - 

Router 1 - Boosted

Router 2 - Boosted
  • Considering Router 2 is an antenna less device, the improvement of reception with the aluminium booster did take me by surprise. Tho the router 2 booster was just assembled without using any cardboard,  to see if there was a noticeable difference, there was a big one. Therefore, a proper shield made with cardboard as seen being used for router 1 or with similar material will be built within the day. Overall - this was a successful & fun project indeed.

temporary make shift wifi booster for router 2
  • Better wifi reflector was built afterwards using a juice strainer and some duct tape mounted on a wastebin. On a plus side, this whole unit can be moved with ease depending on the end user.


  • After proper reflector was made using juice strainer, wifi reception dramatically improved. I chose a plastic juice strainer as opposed to metal strainer coz former is very light weight and if duct taped completely around the wastebin, it should hold in place for longer as opposed to just using a piece of duct tape measuring just 5 inches in length. Also do note both sides of the strainer was covered in using a " single " piece of aluminium foil.    




further boosted wifi reception on Router 2


  • Out of curiosity, i changed the Router 2 orientation from landscape to portrait and to my utter shock, it further improved reception. Therefore one can deduce, even tho this router is a omni directional, signals transmit top to bottom direction or as seen here - front to back of router. Thus this parabolic antenna re focuses & concentrates omni directional wifi signals. 
  • Do note, once this booster is installed on the router, you will loose some wifi signal coverage if you were to stand behind it, as this [ aluminium directional booster ] converts omni directional to directional. Proper placement of router + booster shield is key if one wants to enjoy better wifi reception. 
  • As a further signal improvement test, I raised the whole unit by 2 feet off the ground and to my shock, it further boosted wifi reception. Which brings me to this conclusion - higher the wifi antenna in relation to physical obstructions in  house, better signal coverage. When tested with/ without aluminium parabolic shield, there was a sharp drop in signal strength     [ -40 dbm with shield / -70 dbm without shield measured 150 feet away from device ]  having being kept exactly at same position - 2 feet of the ground.  
  • As seen on wifi analyser, best signal coverage is between -60 dbm & -40 dbm. 
Raised off the ground by 2 feet

Now needle is stuck at -40 dbm 
    • You can also make this booster out of a beer can or two - one reflector per antenna or one big reflector for all antennas.